The Indian Air Force (IAF) established overwhelming air superiority over Pakistan during Operation Sindoor from May 7–10, 2025, according to a 47-page report by Switzerland’s Centre for Military History and Perspective Studies (CHPM). The report details how the IAF conducted precision strikes using Rafale and Mirage-2000 jets, BrahMos, and SCALP-EG missiles, targeting terror infrastructure, Pakistani air bases, radar sites, and surface-to-air missile systems.

By the final phase, Pakistan’s Air Force was unable to mount effective counterattacks, and India carried out long-range strikes deep inside Pakistani territory. Pakistan’s claims of Indian aircraft losses were largely unverified, while several PL-15 missile casings recovered in India suggested Pakistani missiles were largely evaded.

The study highlights India’s use of integrated air defence networks, electronic warfare, and sensor fusion to thwart multiple waves of Pakistani drone and missile attacks. Following the sustained Indian offensive, Pakistani authorities requested a ceasefire on May 10. The report concludes that India achieved its political and military objectives while limiting escalation.

The report, titledOperation Sindoor: The India-Pakistan Air War (7–10 May 2025), was authored by Swiss military historian Adrien Fontanellaz and translated by Benedict Smith. It was reviewed by senior Swiss military experts and security analysts.