Glaucoma is no longer just a disease of older adults—eye specialists in India are now observing early signs in people in their 20s and 30s. The condition progresses silently, often without pain or noticeable vision loss, making it easy to overlook. Data from the National Eye Health Programme (2024–2025) shows that alongside over 98 lakh cataract surgeries, more than 6.4 lakh treatments addressed glaucoma and other eye conditions, highlighting increasing detection at younger ages.
Dr. Rani Menon, Senior Cataract and Glaucoma Surgeon at Maxivision Super Speciality Eye Hospitals, explains that in young adults, early structural changes in the optic nerve are typically observed before advanced vision loss occurs. Because central vision remains normal, young adults may not notice glaucoma until significant peripheral vision is affected. Subtle signs like intermittent blurring, night glare while driving, mild eye pressure or headaches after long screen hours should not be ignored.
Peripheral vision loss begins quietly, often making everyday navigation or driving in low light more challenging. Family history, diabetes, blood pressure fluctuations, and prolonged steroid use further increase the risk, prompting doctors to recommend early screenings for at-risk individuals. Modern eye care technologies, including high-resolution optic nerve imaging and digital eye pressure measurements, allow early detection before noticeable vision loss occurs.
While routine glaucoma screening is generally advised after 40, young adults with risk factors or recurring eye discomfort should undergo comprehensive eye exams. Early detection helps monitor changes, manage risk factors, and protect long-term vision. Awareness, timely testing, and lifestyle vigilance are key to preventing irreversible damage from glaucoma.
