TheUniversity Grants Commission (UGC)has issued a fresh alert after identifying32 fake universitiesoperating without legal recognition across India, ahead of the new academic session. These institutions are not established under theUGC Act, 1956, nor recognised by the Central or any State Government, meaning their degrees haveno legal validity for employment, further education, or official use.

Delhi tops the list with a notable12 unrecognised institutions, including names that may mislead students by resembling legitimate academic bodies. Millions of students and parents now face the risk of enrolling in programmes that won’t be recognised for government jobs or higher studies. Uttar Pradesh follows with four such entities, while several other states — including Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Puducherry and West Bengal — each have two fake universities. Smaller numbers have also been flagged in Arunachal Pradesh, Haryana, Jharkhand and Rajasthan.

The UGC has advised students and guardians toverify the recognition statusof any university on its official website before applying or enrolling, especially during the peak admission season. Fake institutions often use attractive promises of quick degrees or low fees, which can lure unwary students and jeopardise their academic and professional futures.

Education experts say this growing list reflects increased efforts by regulators to crack down on illegal institutions, but also underscores gaps in awareness among aspirants. The UGC’s periodic updates aim to protect student interests, but authorities stress that awareness and due diligence remain vital.